Guide to the Healthcare System in Portugal

Discover the comprehensive Healthcare system of Portugal with our step-by-step guide.

Moving to a new country can bring a mix of excitement and challenges. Understanding the healthcare system in your new home is of utmost importance. That is why we have developed this healthcare guide, offering a comprehensive view of the Portuguese healthcare system for expats. The focus lies on private and public healthcare services, including guidance for emergencies. Our goal is to empower expats with insights into healthcare options in Portugal, enabling informed decisions.

• Portugal’s Public Healthcare System (SNS)
• Private Healthcare in Portugal
• Health Insurance
• Healthcare Services
• Emergencies
• Pregnancy and Childbirth in Portugal
• Healthcare for Children
• Dentistry in Portugal
• Healthcare for Expats
• Pharmacies in Portugal
• Conclusion

The Portuguese Public Healthcare System, known in Portuguese as Serviço Nacional de Saúde (SNS), is renowned for its quality medical care and services. The SNS offers a comprehensive network of public healthcare facilities, ensuring a wide range of health services to Portuguese citizens and residents in Portugal. 

Portugal's healthcare system consistently earns high global rankings, showcasing the country's exceptional standards in both public and private healthcare services. In the 2022 World Index of Healthcare Innovation, Portugal secured the 22nd spot, evaluating healthcare quality, choice, science, technology, and fiscal sustainability. More importantly, Portugal excelled in healthcare quality, thanks to its patient-centric approach and positive health outcomes.

On the World Health Organization's assessment, Portugal claimed the 12th position in the world healthcare systems ranking. Factors such as life expectancy, illness treatment, and healthcare system efficiency were considered in the WHO's 2019 World Health Report. This ranking underscores Portugal's commendable healthcare system.

The Healthiest Places to Live Index by Money.co.uk, Lisbon was distinguished as the 4th healthiest city to reside in 2022, with Porto following closely at 14th place. Factors like life expectancy, air quality, obesity rates, and sunlight exposure were taken into account. The latest index featured new criteria like medical resources availability and mental health professionals per 100,000 residents. Additionally, mental health conditions, substance abuse rates, and overall healthcare expenditure were considered, offering a comprehensive view of community well-being.

In this section, we will explain the framework of Portugal's public healthcare system (SNS). We will guide you through the process of obtaining a user number, accessing the system, choosing a doctor, and understanding any costs associated with using the SNS. Finally, we will look into the range of services provided by the public healthcare system.

For residents considering using the Portuguese Serviço Nacional de Saúde (SNS), it is important to understand the system's structure and administration. The public healthcare system in Portugal includes hospitals, clinics, and healthcare units that collaborate to deliver holistic patient care.

The Portuguese healthcare system is overseen by the Ministry of Health, which is responsible for regulation, planning, financing, guidance, monitoring, evaluation, auditing, and inspection across mainland Portugal.

In the autonomous regions of the Azores and Madeira, the respective regional health departments manage and administer the healthcare system.

Under the decree-law No 52 from August 4th, 2022, the Portuguese public healthcare system is structured both territorially and functionally. There are five health regions, corresponding to the NUTS II regions of mainland Portugal:

• Norte
• Centro
• Lisboa e Vale do Tejo
• Alentejo
• Algarve



The services are functionally organised into three categories: primary health services, hospital care, and integrated continued care. Primary health services are the first point of contact between individuals, families, and the community, offering proximity and continuity in the care process. 

Portugal's public healthcare system offers comprehensive and affordable services to its citizens, legal residents, and expats. As an expat, accessing this system requires meeting specific eligibility criteria and following certain steps. For foreign nationals with legal residency, obtaining a user number is the key to accessing the healthcare services provided by the SNS.



To secure your SNS user number, simply visit your local health centre (Centro de Saúde). It is important to choose the centre nearest to your registered address, as the public healthcare system operates based on geographical areas. Visiting the wrong health centre may result in being redirected. Once you have your user number, you gain access to public healthcare services in Portugal.

Initially, consider enrolling with a family doctor, also referred to as a "médico de família." Your family doctor serves as your GP and plays a vital role in your healthcare matters. You may either be assigned a doctor or choose one practising in a facility within your local area.

EU citizens holding a valid European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) or equivalent document can benefit from the Portuguese public healthcare system at no cost for up to 90 days. To sustain this privilege beyond the initial period, they are required to secure legal resident status.

The reciprocal healthcare agreement also extends to citizens from select European Economic Area (EEA) countries. Your national health insurance provider issues European Health Insurance Cards, granting you access to essential state-provided healthcare across 27 European Union countries, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom under identical terms and costs, varying from free in certain countries.

While the European Health Insurance Card offers valuable benefits, it should not be viewed as a substitute for comprehensive travel insurance. It does not cover private healthcare, expenses like repatriation to your home country, or losses due to theft or damage to property.

For UK citizens, the UK Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC) now replaces the EHIC post-Brexit without significant differences between the two. Both cards offer coverage for essential and emergency healthcare services at reduced or no cost, depending on the visit's country.

The GHIC is provided free of charge, with no application deadline. If you have an EHIC, it remains valid until its expiry, allowing you to apply for a GHIC up to six months before the EHIC expiration. Nevertheless, specific groups have the option to request a new UK EHIC instead of the GHIC under the Brexit Withdrawal Agreement.

Both the new UK EHIC and UK GHIC grant access to state-provided healthcare in Portugal, covering emergency treatments, A&E visits, and routine maternity care. Applications for the UK EHIC or UK GHIC can be made through the NHS website, requiring only your national insurance number.

Besides social security contributions, the SNS also receives partial funding from taxes and user fees. Patients may need to pay a small user fee for specific services like consultations with specialists, diagnostics, or non-essential surgeries, which are referred to as "taxas moderadoras." As of 1st June 2022, the government announced the discontinuation of these fees for nearly all SNS services, except for emergency cases where there is no prior reference from the SNS (via health centres or the SNS 24 line) or when hospitalisation is not required after the emergency visit.

In the scenario of an un-referenced emergency at a public hospital, a fee of approximately €14 would apply, while an emergency surgery would cost around €16. Additionally, a multipurpose emergency service might entail a fee of about €18.

Referrals for hospital care, including emergency services, can be obtained through the SNS Line 24 at 808 24 24 24 or by visiting a health centre. It is advisable to reach out to the SNS Line 24 or visit a health centre prior to heading to the hospital.

The Portuguese public healthcare system offers an ample array of services, covering primary care, hospital care, emergency care, and specialised treatments.

Primary care services are delivered through healthcare centres, where you can consult with general practitioners, nurses, and various healthcare professionals. Operating hours typically range from 08:00 to 20:00, with many centres extending their availability until 22:00 on weekdays and from 10:00 to 14:00 on Saturdays. It is advisable to verify schedules with each centre beforehand.

Public hospitals offer a wide range of healthcare services, from outpatient care to specialised treatments, ensuring broad medical support for all patients.

Emergency care is accessible round the clock, either through healthcare centres or hospitals. In case of an emergency, you can seek assistance at any hospital or contact emergency services by dialling 112 at any hour of the day.

Specialist care can be obtained through referrals from your general practitioner, and you can find specialist doctors on the SNS website.

Using the Portuguese public healthcare system as an expatriate can be uncomplicated. However, it is necessary to register in a healthcare centre to obtain a user number, along with contributing to social security through your employer or as a self-employed individual, if applicable.

After registration, most healthcare services are available at minimal or no cost, encompassing a diverse range of services to address your healthcare requirements.

As an expatriate residing in Portugal, you have the advantage of access to both public and private healthcare services. While the public healthcare system in Portugal maintains a commendable standard, many expatriates choose private healthcare for reasons such as prompt service and the availability of English-speaking medical professionals. 

In this section, we will show you the advantages of private healthcare in Portugal, its accessibility, in comparison to the public healthcare system, associated costs, fees, and available private healthcare alternatives.

Private healthcare in Portugal presents numerous benefits that appeal to many expats. Firstly, it provides swift access to services, facilitating elective treatments and consultations without prolonged waiting times. This translates to receiving necessary care more promptly. Moreover, private healthcare extends a broader scale of services compared to the public system, encompassing cosmetic surgery, fertility treatments, and alternative therapies. Additionally, patients can choose their doctor and schedule direct appointments with specialists, a liberty not afforded by the public healthcare system, which mandates consultations with family doctors before specialist referrals are granted.

When it comes to accessing healthcare services in English, the public system may pose challenges in finding English-speaking medical professionals. However, many private healthcare providers offer services in English, allowing you to access medical treatment and guidance without worrying about language barriers.

Private healthcare in Portugal typically comes at a higher cost compared to public healthcare. The expenses can vary based on the service type, provider, and coverage level. It is important to understand that private healthcare providers in Portugal may request upfront payment or proof of insurance coverage prior to providing services. Consequently, it is advisable for expatriates to obtain private health insurance that cover the expenses associated with private healthcare services.

Several private healthcare options are accessible in Portugal, including private hospitals, clinics, and individual doctors. Private hospitals provide a wide array of services, such as inpatient and outpatient care, specialised medical treatments, and elective procedures.

If you would like to discover more about the range of specialised medical treatments available at private hospitals in Portugal, a visit to the website of the Portuguese Association of Private Hospitalisation (Associação Portuguesa de Hospitalização Privada) can provide valuable information and insights. 

Private clinics provide various services, including primary care to specialised medical treatments and preventive healthcare. Additionally, individual doctors offer specialised medical services like dermatology, ophthalmology, and dentistry.



Please bear in mind that access to private healthcare options typically requires proof of private health insurance coverage. In Portugal, a diverse array of privately-owned medical institutions, including clinics, hospitals, and diagnostic centres, are available. While many of these facilities accept different insurance plans, it is important to be aware that the healthcare provider you are scheduled to see may not be under contract with your specific insurance coverage. Therefore, it is advisable to verify this information before scheduling an appointment.

Private health insurance is quite popular in Portugal, with approximately 31.3% of locals opting for private coverage. Voluntary health insurance (VHI) complements the public healthcare system, enhancing access to elective hospital treatments and consultations. While basic plans offer limited services, more expensive plans provide comprehensive coverage with higher healthcare expense limits.

In Portugal, both public and private healthcare providers are available, with public facilities mainly focusing on primary and hospital care. Private healthcare encompasses pharmaceuticals, diagnostics, and private physician practices. This section explores state insurance, private healthcare alternatives, health insurance, health plans, as well as insurance options for tourists and non-residents.

The health subsystem programme is a unique social healthcare initiative that provides medical services to individuals in particular professions or organizations, such as the police, military, and banking sectors. One of the most notable healthcare subsystems is the ADSE, which serves over 1.3 million public servants. 

Other public subsystems encompass the ADM for military personnel of the Armed Forces, SAD/GNR for military personnel of the National Republican Guard, SAD/PSP for police personnel of the Public Security Police, and SSMJ for special professional groups like prison guards, Judiciary Police agents, and probation officers under the Ministry of Justice. These public subsystems are entirely funded by the government.

In contrast, private subsystems are primarily occupation-based, catering to specific professions regardless of the employer or employees of distinct private organisations. The beneficiaries of private subsystems might contribute through a salary deduction or have the funding provided by their employers. Examples of private subsystems include SAMS for bank employees, PT-ACS for Portugal Telecom employees, and SSCGD for Caixa Geral de Depósitos employees.

Health insurance in Portugal, in general, is reasonably priced, but it typically involves a co-payment arrangement. Besides the monthly fee, there may still be costs for any private services utilized. Many plans offer a specific level of coverage for private medical treatment. If you exceed this limit, you might need to share the expenses, known as co-paying. Nevertheless, selecting a policy tailored to your needs, which may include dental or vision care, can help you avoid unexpected expenses.

On average, the amount paid in Portugal was €30 per month for personal health insurance in 2020. It is important to note that this figure is merely an average, and policy details, exclusions, limits, and benefits can vary significantly. Payment frequency for chosen plans can be monthly, bi-annually, or annually, with plans requiring payments every six months or annually often featuring discounted rates.

Following the sign-up process, you will receive a card, either physical or digital, to present during consultations, examinations, and other medical procedures. Alternatively, you can consider health insurance plans that operate as discounted networks within the healthcare system, with costs starting as low as €5, depending on the services provided. However, such plans typically do not cover outpatient or hospital care.

In 2020, the Associação Portuguesa de Seguradores (Portuguese Association of Insurers) reported 22 insurance companies offering health insurance in Portugal. Multicare, Fidelidade and Medis dominate the market share, collectively accounting for over 60%. Additionally, you have the option to purchase health insurance coverage from international providers like Allianz, AXA, or Cigna Global, which cater to expats relocating or spending extended periods outside their home country. These international options tend to be more expensive compared to local Portuguese providers. To compare healthcare insurance costs, you can use price comparison platforms such as Deco.

At Belion Partners, we collaborate with insurance intermediaries to provide tailor-made insurance solutions specific to your needs. If you want to learn more about insurance in Portugal or need assistance, feel free to contact us. We are here to guide you and present you with the best coverage options.

If you are hesitant about investing in medical insurance, consider a "health plan" as an alternative. In Portugal, a variety of health plans are available; however, it is important to note that these plans only offer discounts for specific clinics, requiring out-of-pocket payments.

Another option is health insurance plans that operate as discounted networks within the healthcare system, with costs starting as low as €5, depending on the level of services provided. Yet, these plans do not cover hospitalisation or outpatient care. Each option has its own advantages and disadvantages that are worth exploring further.

As an expat in Portugal, it is important to understand the various options of healthcare services at your disposal. This section offers an overview of the most common services within the Portuguese healthcare system: family doctors, prescriptions, blood tests, vaccinations, specialised care, referrals, digital services on the SNS website, and mental healthcare.

One of the initial healthcare services you are likely to come across in Portugal is your family doctor or general practitioner (GP). Referred to as your “Médico de Família”, these healthcare providers play an essential role as your primary caregiver, serving as the first line of support for any health issues you may encounter.

Your family practitioner is your go-to for everyday medical advice and requirements, offering a range of services including routine check-ups, diagnosing and treating illnesses, prescribing medication, and making specialist referrals when necessary.



To access a family doctor or GP, you must register with the SNS and acquire a user number. It is important to note that in specific regions or circumstances, you may not be assigned an SNS family doctor, potentially leading to extended waiting times for walk-in appointments at health centres. To address this issue, SNS users are advised to contact the SNS 24-hour helpline for prompt referral to a medical professional.

In Portugal, subsidised medicine programmes exist where the government contributes towards the cost of medications, with users covering the remaining amount. The subsidy varies based on the medicine type, condition, and user's profile. Pensioners, for instance, can benefit from up to a 95% discount on their medication. Specific diseases such as Crohn’s Disease, Lupus, and haemophilia qualify for free medication, including insulin for diabetes patients. 

Medication subsidies in Portugal are graded from A to D, covering 10% to 90% of medication costs. Additionally, private organisations like Associação Dignitude aid families in need of financial support for purchasing medication. The price of any pharmacy medication in Portugal can be checked on the Infarmed website. 

Prescriptions in Portugal must adhere to a specific format and be written in Portuguese. Although US prescriptions are generally accepted at most Portuguese pharmacies, medications prescribed in Portugal benefit from government subsidies, unlike those from the US. Note that subsidised medication is accessible through the public healthcare system, not the private system. 

Upon receiving a prescription in Portugal, you will obtain a written prescription and a text message containing a code for each medication. This code ensures privacy but doesn't include the medication's name, which could be confusing if you have multiple prescriptions. To collect your medication, present either the written prescription or the text message code to the pharmacist. Prescription medication cannot be delivered to a specific location in Portugal; it must be collected in person from any pharmacy with the prescription text or paper in hand.

Blood tests are a commonly used healthcare service in Portugal as they play a very important role in diagnosing various medical conditions. You can conveniently undergo blood tests by simply visiting one of the many private laboratories across the country. These labs often collaborate with insurers and the national health system to ensure comprehensive coverage.



To proceed with the necessary blood work, a medical referral is required. If your family practitioner in the public sector provides the referral, the tests are typically offered free of charge or at a minimal fee. However, with private insurance, a copayment per test is to be expected.

In Portugal, the National Vaccination Program (Programa Nacional de Vacinação or PNV) ensures safe and free vaccination for all residents. Vaccines are provided at certified healthcare centres based on age. When you visit a healthcare centre in your area, remember to bring your vaccination record or card from your home country.

Information about the vaccines available under the PNV can be accessed on the SNS website. While most vaccinations are voluntary, there are exceptions like the diphtheria and tetanus vaccines, which are mandatory for school enrolment and exams.



The Directorate-General for Health strongly recommends receiving all vaccines provided under the National Vaccination Program to enhance both individual and public health in Portugal.

If you require specialised care, your family doctor or GP will refer you to a specialist. Some private health insurers allow you to book an appointment directly with a specialist. Specialists are available in a range of medical fields, including cardiology, dermatology, oncology, and neurology.

Screening is a diagnostic process to detect early signs of disease in asymptomatic individuals. The primary objective is to minimise mortality by enabling early detection and, in some cases, to decrease the incidence of new cancer cases.

In Portugal, there are cancer screening programmes available for breast, colorectal, and cervical cancers. The recommended screenings depend on your age and gender. For breast cancer, a mammogram is recommended every two years for women aged 50 to 69 years. Colorectal cancer screening usually involves testing for hidden blood in faeces for individuals aged 50 to 74 years. For cervical cancer, screening includes the cervical cytology test (Pap test) for women aged between 20 and 30 up to 60 years old.



To be referred for a screening, schedule an appointment at your health centre.

The SNS website offers a variety of digital services. This includes the option to schedule medical appointments and review test results. Additionally, you can access your health records and medication history through the SNS website. These digital services have been created to enhance the convenience of healthcare access for patients.

Mental healthcare is an integral part of Portugal's national healthcare system, showcasing significant progress in expanding access to mental health services while reducing associated stigmas. The Portuguese National Mental Health Plan, founded in 2007, has been fundamental in fostering mental well-being and preventing mental disorders through the implementation of community-based mental health teams. The plan underlines Portugal's commitment to ample mental well-being, highlighting the importance of integrating mental healthcare into primary services and establishing specialised facilities for those facing severe mental health challenges.

In Portugal, the public healthcare system provides mental healthcare services, such as psychiatric consultations, psychotherapy, and medication management, either at minimal costs or free of charge. These services are available across various facilities including public hospitals, mental health clinics, and community health centres. Should you need mental healthcare services, your family doctor or GP holds the authority to prescribe medication, refer you to a mental health specialist, or guide you towards counselling sessions.

If you are looking for a holistic mental healthcare approach, you may want to explore the mental health services covered by your private health insurance provider is recommended. Portugal boasts an array of private mental health clinics and centres offering diverse services such as therapy, counselling, peer-to-peer support groups, and tailored treatment programmes.

Despite the increasing demand for mental healthcare, Portugal still faces challenges in this domain. An estimated 30 percent of the population has struggled with mental health issues, with the country registering above-average rates of depression and substance misuse. However, there is a shortage of psychiatrists, with only 12 professionals for every 100,000 inhabitants. Consequently, it is advisable to secure private health insurance that include mental healthcare coverage if you will be seeking access to mental health services in Portugal.

Medical emergencies can happen unexpectedly, requiring immediate attention. Expats residing in Portugal must know how to manage such situations. This section we will offer you guidance on emergency contact details, procedures, and prioritisation within Portuguese emergency departments.

INEM, the National Institute of Medical Emergency responds to medical crises via the European emergency number - 112. In circumstances of serious or life-threatening events such as unconsciousness, suspected stroke, choking, breathing difficulties, accidents with injuries, chest pain, severe bleeding, or critical burns, promptly dial the 112 line. This connects you to INEM, the emergency medical responder.

In the event of a medical emergency, expatriates in Portugal can dial the national emergency number, 112, to swiftly connect with emergency medical services. It is advised to contact this number before heading to a hospital's emergency unit. The trained operators are equipped to offer medical guidance and dispatch an ambulance promptly if required. The 112 number is accessible from all phone types, including payphones and mobiles, and operates round-the-clock. 

English-speaking staff may not always be available in Portuguese emergency services, thus acquiring basic Portuguese phrases is recommended for effective communication during a crisis.

When contacting INEM, describe your situation and location clearly, respond to inquiries to the best of your ability, and disconnect the call as directed. 

You should reach out to SNS 24 at 808 24 24 24 for non-urgent health concerns. SNS 24 supports citizens by evaluating and advising them during acute illnesses. They can even arrange a primary care visit for you. For a smoother experience, opt for the English helpline by dialling 808 24 24 24, then selecting option 9. This choice not only aids in articulating your issue clearly but may lead to quicker assistance.

Conditions like mild pain, cough, fever, nausea, or vomiting fall under this category. SNS 24 collaborates closely with INEM, ensuring seamless assistance if needed. Have the user number, name, and date of birth at hand when calling SNS 24.

To understand the difference between INEM and SNS 24, it is important to note that INEM specialises in emergency medical care for accident victims and sudden illnesses, while SNS 24 serves as a telephonic and digital platform offering screening, advice, and referrals for non-emergency health matters

When arriving at the emergency department, the initial step involves registering at the reception desk. The staff will ask for personal details, including your name, address, and insurance particulars. Please remember to bring along identification documents like a passport, residence card or ID card, as well as your health insurance card if applicable.

As part of the process, patients will receive a coloured bracelet indicating the urgency of their condition, determined by the triage staff. The meaning of the various colour codes are as follows:

• Red: Urgent attention required.
• Orange: Assistance needed promptly, usually within ten minutes.
• Yellow: Patients can wait up to an hour to see the doctor.
• Green: Non-severe condition, suitable for referral to a family doctor or day hospital.
• Blue: Non-urgent cases, suitable for referral to a primary healthcare centre.

Patients facing life-threatening conditions, such as heart attacks or strokes, will receive immediate attention, whereas those with less severe symptoms may have to wait longer. Waiting time may vary based on the hospital's caseload and the number of patients in the emergency department. 

If you find yourself as an expatriate expecting a baby in Portugal, take comfort in knowing that the country provides exceptional medical care throughout pregnancy and childbirth. Whether you are a pregnant resident of Portugal or a foreign national who has lived in the country for over 90 days, rest assured that you have equal access to prenatal and postnatal care rights. These rights encompass complimentary consultations throughout your pregnancy and for up to 60 days after giving birth.

Gynaecology departments in Portugal are typically part of public hospitals. Additionally, private clinics offer similar services. Within these departments, skilled medical professionals offer a wide array of care, including prenatal care and childbirth services.

Prenatal care is an essential aspect of pregnancy in Portugal, ensuring the well-being of both the parent and the baby. Regular checkups with a gynaecologist or obstetrician are integral, monitoring health closely. Access to prenatal care is typically free under the national health service, although private alternatives exist for those seeking personalised attention.

After confirming your pregnancy, it is advisable to book your initial prenatal check-up within the first 12 weeks. Subsequent appointments are recommended every four to six weeks until the 30th week, then every two to three weeks until the 36th week, and finally, every one to two weeks until delivery. At your first visit, you will receive a pregnancy booklet, also known as the “Boletim de Saúde da Grávida”, to document medical details and track progress. This booklet should be kept with you throughout the pregnancy and brought along for the delivery.



In Portugal, prenatal classes are available to assist in preparing for both childbirth and parenthood. Typically offered by hospitals or private clinics, these classes cover topics such as breastfeeding, labour and delivery, as well as newborn care. Attending these sessions not only equips you with crucial knowledge but also provides a wonderful opportunity to connect with other expectant parents and benefit from the insights of seasoned professionals.

In Portugal, the choice of where to give birth - be it in a public or private hospital or at home with a midwife - is yours to make. Those opting for a hospital birth can rely on the expertise of trained professionals, such as midwives, obstetricians, and anaesthesiologists. As your due date approaches, your doctor will assist in arranging a hospital consultation to outline your birth plan, including preferences for anaesthesia and who you wish to have by your side during delivery.

Typically, births within the public healthcare system take place around the 40th week, with an emphasis on natural delivery. Caesarean sections are only performed when necessary and with the patient's consent. Following childbirth, patients receive care and observation in the hospital for a duration of 38 to 72 hours.

On the other hand, choosing a private healthcare facility allows for more flexibility, albeit at a cost. Caesarean deliveries are more prevalent in private settings, and you may even have the option of a home birth facilitated by a private midwife. In the event of an emergency, public health insurance coverage remains in effect.

In the public healthcare system, giving birth in Portugal can be a cost-free experience. However, should you opt for private facilities, expenses will be incurred. The cost of birthing in a private hospital in Portugal typically ranges from €3,000 to €6,000. If you hold private insurance, the entirety of the birth and hospital stay costs may be covered.



Another avenue to explore is engaging the services of a doula, who offers emotional support and guidance during birth. It is important to note that doulas are not healthcare professionals, and their presence in the birthing room may be subject to restrictions. To find a doula in your vicinity, the Doula Association of Portugal can provide assistance.

Naming your child in Portugal is a straightforward process. Within 20 days of delivery, parents are required to register their child's birth and submit the chosen name. It's important to note that Portuguese law prohibits the usage of names considered offensive or against the child's welfare.

The registration of your child's birth can be conveniently completed either in person at a Civil Registry Office (Conservatória do Registo Civil) or online. This procedure is open to either parent, irrespective of their marital status. For in-person registration, a visit to the Civil Registry Office within 20 days of the child's birth is necessary.

Pregnant residents living in Portugal for over 90 days are eligible for complimentary consultations for up to 60 days post-delivery. Following their hospital discharge, a nurse will provide a complimentary post-hospital visit. Moreover, new parents can participate in postnatal classes to acquire essential skills in newborn care. Although these classes are commonly hosted at health centres, some may involve a fee. Private institutions also offer these classes for a charge.



Pregnant residents receiving care through SNS can benefit from dentist's cheques provided by their family doctor. Each pregnant person is entitled to a maximum of three dentist's cheques per pregnancy, redeemable within 60 days post-birth for covered treatments without any additional cost. For further details regarding these cheques, visit the SNS portal.

When it comes to healthcare for children in Portugal, there is a robust system that places a high priority on the health and well-being of its youngest citizens. Here are a few key points to keep in mind:

Children up to the age of 18 receive free healthcare, covering doctor's appointments, hospital care, and essential medical treatments. Furthermore, they are given priority in the healthcare system to ensure they promptly receive medical attention when required.

Portugal offers various health programmes and vaccination schedules aimed at safeguarding children from preventable illnesses. The National Immunisation Programme is specifically designed to ensure that newborns up to 18-month-old toddlers receive their vaccinations consistently. Hepatitis B vaccination is typically administered at birth, and in some cases, the tuberculosis vaccine may also be given. Although not compulsory, diphtheria and tetanus vaccinations are necessary for school enrolment or examination attendance.



The Portuguese National Vaccination Programme offers all vaccines free of charge, protecting against diseases such as tuberculosis, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, Haemophilus, influenza type b infection, Hepatitis B, Pneumococcal disease, Meningococcal disease, Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Human Papillomavirus infection.

Specialist hospitals for children are available in major Portuguese cities. These include Centro Materno Infantil do Norte in Porto, Hospital Dona Estefânia, and Hospital da Luz in Lisbon, as well as Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra.

The National System of Early Childhood Intervention (SNIPI) is a dedicated programme designed to provide support and a variety of services to young children facing developmental or behavioural challenges from birth up to the age of six. These include a range of interventions to assist children in need. From early diagnosis and assessment, where children are carefully evaluated to identify their specific requirements, to the collaborative effort of a team comprising psychologists, speech therapists, and educators to develop an intervention plan based on the child's unique needs. Early intervention therapies are then implemented, offering support such as speech and language, occupational, or physical therapy as deemed necessary.



For children with more complex needs, special education services are available through SNIPI. Additionally, parents and caregivers are offered continuous support and guidance to help understand and manage their child's needs effectively. SNIPI also ensures seamless coordination with other vital healthcare and social services to guarantee comprehensive support for children in need. Ultimately, the core objective of SNIPI is to empower both children and families, fostering healthy development and mitigating potential long-term challenges.

In terms of dental care, children in Portugal can benefit from complimentary dental services until they reach 18 years of age if they are enrolled with the SNS. Initially, an oral hygienist will assess children at school and, if needed, guide them to a dentist for further evaluation. Families may also acquire a dental voucher, known as dentist’s cheques from their GP as part of the National Program for Oral Health. This voucher allows you to arrange an appointment with any dentist in Portugal participating in the programme. While preventive dental care is covered under public healthcare, certain treatments like braces or retainers require payment.

Ensuring good oral health is necessary for overall well-being, and Portugal stands out for offering a diverse range of dental care options to its residents. Moreover, Portugal achieved the fifth position in the 2020 Healthiest Teeth Index, a ranking that assesses factors such as tooth decay rates, sugar consumption, availability of dental services, and government-backed healthcare initiatives across 26 nations. Impressively, with 87.5 dentists per capita, Portugal has one of the highest concentrations of dental professionals in Europe. In this section, you will find some insights about dentistry in Portugal.

Dental care in Portugal can be either subsidised through the public healthcare system or sought privately. Within the public system, certain dental services like emergency care and extractions are provided. However, additional treatments such as fillings and root canals may require out-of-pocket payments or coverage through private dental insurance.



Private dental clinics in Portugal are readily available, for more comprehensive dental services. These clinics offer a wide array of treatments ranging from routine cleanings to advanced cosmetic dentistry. 

Portugal’s public healthcare system extends subsidised dental care to specific groups covered under the National Program for the Promotion of Oral Health (PNPSO). Those eligible include children up to 18 years old, pregnant woman, senior citizens, and persons with chronic health conditions like HIV/AIDS or oral cancer. However, adults outside these eligible groups are advised to arrange for dental care payments through private means.



Furthermore, for those not eligible for subsidised care, Portugal offers a programme that distributes discounted dental care vouchers to low-income individuals and families. These vouchers are redeemable at various dental clinics across the country, facilitating access to more affordable dental services. Specific procedures such as restorations, extractions, repairs, and root canals are provided free of charge to beneficiaries of the PNPSO programme. The SNS also issues dental vouchers to cover expenses within these groups, with a yearly claims limit to consider.

All legal residents of Portugal have access to healthcare and can benefit from the country's national health system. This includes expatriates, who can also use Portuguese healthcare services once they obtain legal residency.

In order to obtain a Portugal D7 Visa, it is a mandatory prerequisite to have travel insurance that includes health coverage for one year. Once you secure the initial visa approval, you will receive a four-month temporary visa, after which you must visit AIMA - Agência para a Integração Migrações e Asilo to initiate your residency process. Consequently, the travel insurance purchased in your home country will provide for your healthcare needs until you receive the D7 residence permit.

D7 Visa holders are entitled to healthcare services in Portugal, subject to registration with the SNS and the issuance of a user card. Once enrolled, you will have access to primary healthcare facilities, emergency services, and specialist consultations.

Immigrants holding Portugal’s Golden Visa are entitled to healthcare services as well. As part of the requirements to initiate the process, applicants must have travel insurance covering the Schengen Area, repatriation, and medical emergencies.

After obtaining the Golden Visa, access to Portugal's SNS is granted. However, to enjoy the benefits, it is necessary to register with the SNS and obtain a user number. The Golden Visa requires a minimum stay of seven days in the initial year and fourteen days in subsequent two-year periods, which may influence the decision on whether private health insurance in Portugal is necessary, depending on the duration of stay each year.



Using the SNS can pose challenges for individuals spending only a few weeks to a month in Portugal. The service may entail extended waiting periods for specialist appointments or treatments. Private health insurance providers may offer tailored coverage for individuals residing across multiple countries, providing international health insurance within the five continents.

Expatriates who benefit from the Non-Habitual Residents (NHR) regime in Portugal have access to healthcare services as well, provided they register with the SNS and acquire a user card. Residents benefitting from this tax regime enjoy the same healthcare privileges as Portuguese citizens. This includes primary healthcare services, emergency care, and consultations with specialists. Additionally, they can avail themselves of prescription medications either at no cost or at reduced prices.

The Portuguese social security number, known as Número de Identificação de Segurança Social (NISS), is required to access social security benefits, healthcare services, and legal employment within the country.

A NISS can be requested by foreign individuals, Portuguese citizens, as well as the fiscal representative or employer of the applicant. To start the application process, you must fill out a form accessible through the Social Security portal along with submitting the necessary documents based on your circumstances.

For citizens of the European Union, European Economic Area, or Switzerland, a civil ID form such as a passport is mandatory. On the other hand, individuals from third countries need to provide a passport, residence permit (temporary or permanent), or any other civilian identification document from their country of origin, along with a copy and a valid work visa.

You can conveniently obtain a social security identification number (NISS) online through the social security portal. The steps are straightforward: visit the portal, specify your citizenship status, choose the option “Atribuição de Número de Identificação de Segurança Social (NISS)”, and access the form for requesting the Social Security Identification Number.



After completing the form, an email will be sent to you with instructions for collecting your NISS in person at the Social Security office. Remember to carry your ID document with you when you collect it.

Healthcare for American and British Expats: Tailored information for expats from the US and UK

The healthcare systems of the US and Portugal are significantly different in terms of financing and organisation. In the US, a multi-payer system is in place where healthcare is funded by various sources such as private insurance, employer plans, government programs like Medicare and Medicaid, and out-of-pocket payments. This complexity leads to a fragmented healthcare landscape, causing disparities in coverage based on employment and income, making system navigation challenging, especially when events like unemployment lead to loss of insurance. Moreover, healthcare costs in the US are remarkably higher than in Portugal due to administrative expenses linked with the multi-payer model.

In contrast, Portugal operates on a single-payer system where the government finances healthcare through taxes and delivers services through a blend of public and private entities. This system ensures universal coverage for all citizens, eliminating economic distinctions. The government's regulation of medical services and medication prices not only manages costs effectively but also guarantees affordable care access for everyone.

Americans relocating to Portugal often express concerns about their access to healthcare in their new country. Here are some helpful tips to ensure you have the necessary coverage:

• Firstly, consider obtaining private health insurance. This coverage will protect you during your initial transition to Portugal and while you navigate the process of setting up private healthcare or enrolling in the National Health Service (SNS).
• Investing in private healthcare in Portugal offers significant cost savings compared to the United States. Opting for private healthcare allows you to benefit from English-speaking medical professionals and a streamlined service. While securing affordable private healthcare can be more complex for individuals over 65, it is advisable to request quotes from various providers. If private healthcare is financially out of reach for those over 65, the SNS provides free, high-quality public healthcare services.
• To access healthcare services in Portugal, it is mandatory to register with the SNS and obtain a user number from your local health centre.
• Regarding Medicare benefits, Americans should note that Medicare, a national health insurance program in the US, is generally not accessible to US citizens living abroad in Portugal. While there are exceptions for individuals receiving Social Security benefits and meeting specific criteria, most US citizens residing in Portugal do not qualify for Medicare coverage.

As a British expat who relocated to Portugal, you may be interested in comparing healthcare systems in both countries. Below are key distinctions from the perspective of an NHS user transitioning to the SNS system:

• Access to care differs slightly between the NHS and SNS. In the NHS, patients have the freedom to select their primary care physician, whereas in the SNS, a primary care physician is allocated based on the patient's address. However, under both systems, patients have the option to consult a specialist upon referral by their primary care physician.
• Language barriers can pose a challenge if you do not speak Portuguese, particularly in rural areas when using the public SNS system. Yet, you will discover that many healthcare providers in Portugal, including doctors and nurses, are proficient in English, particularly within the private healthcare sector.
• Regarding waiting times, while elective procedures can be longer in the NHS, non-urgent appointments in Portugal might also require some patience. However, should you require urgent medical care, rest assured you can access it promptly.
• Prescription charges vary between the two systems. In the NHS, prescription fees are applicable in England but exempt in Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Comparatively, the SNS features relatively low prescription charges, with medicines typically subsidised between 15% and 90%.
  

Pharmacies in Portugal, known as Farmácias, play a vital role in delivering accessible and affordable healthcare services to the public. They are essential for ensuring easy access to necessary medications for treating diverse medical conditions. This section offers a comprehensive guide to the pharmacies across the country.

Pharmacies typically operate from 9:00 am to 7:00 pm. Monday to Friday and from 9:00 am to 1:00 pm on Saturdays. Some pharmacies also open on Sundays and public holidays, following a rotating schedule, so it is wise to check in advance. In larger cities, some pharmacies like Pharmacy Uruguai in Lisbon and Farmácia Barreiros in Porto stay open 24 hours a day.

Pharmacies in Portugal offer both prescription and over-the-counter medications. To get prescription medication, you will need a doctor's prescription, which you can show at any pharmacy. Remember, you must have this prescription to receive your prescribed medication. 

On the other hand, over-the-counter medicines like pain relievers and cough syrup are available without a prescription. While some medications that are non-prescription in other countries may require a prescription in Portugal, it is wise to consult with a pharmacist to confirm availability without a prescription.

Besides traditional physical pharmacies, Portugal offers a variety of online alternatives for buying non-prescription items. Notable online pharmacies in the country are Wells and Bluepharma. It is worth mentioning that online purchases of prescription medications require a valid prescription.

Living as an expat in Portugal can present challenges when it comes to navigating the healthcare system. To help you through the process smoothly, here are some invaluable tips:

If you would like to stay informed about healthcare options in Portugal, consider using the Serviço Nacional de Saúde (SNS) app, which offers appointment bookings, test results, health alerts, and even stores vaccination records.

If you are feeling unwell and in need of a break, you will have to go through the public sector for a leave of absence. Private hospitals won't be able to help with this matter. After three days of being unwell, you will need a sick note to access Social Security sickness benefits. Depending on your employer's policies, you might be eligible for paid sick days directly from them.

Your first step is to contact your family doctor for a sick note. If you don’t have a family doctor, visit your local health centre and wait for a walk-in appointment. For faster service, consider reaching out to SNS 24 for assistance.

Navigating the healthcare system in Portugal poses challenges, particularly if you are unfamiliar with the language. Expats often have misconceptions about the system. For instance, some expats relocate to Portugal assuming they can receive free treatment or discounted medication, in contrast to the high costs in the United States. However, landing in Portugal does not automatically grant access to these benefits. Integration into the public healthcare system can take months and requires legal residency status.



Understanding the healthcare system basics, such as accessing services and insurance options, is fundamental. The SNS website is a valuable resource, offering insights into healthcare services and insurance choices.

Selecting the right insurance and healthcare providers is essential for expats residing in Portugal. There are numerous private insurance choices available that can offer additional coverage beyond the SNS. It is wise to research providers and compare policies to secure the best coverage possible for your health requirements. Furthermore, it would be ideal to find a primary care physician fluent in English and well-versed in the local healthcare system.

Emergencies can occur unexpectedly, underscoring the need for readiness. Ensure you have the emergency number (112) saved in your phone and understand how to describe your emergency in Portuguese. It is advisable to maintain a list of emergency contacts, such as your insurance provider, primary care physician, and the local hospital. For those with chronic conditions or specific care needs, establishing a comprehensive emergency plan should be important.

In wrapping up, our healthcare guide for expats in Portugal has offered a thorough look at the country's healthcare system. From private to public services like dentistry, pharmacy, and childbirth, even emergency protocols - it is all covered. For expats, knowing your healthcare choices and making informed decisions is quite important. We trust that this guide has shed light on the Portuguese healthcare system and the support available to you.

As a final note, we would advise you to get involved in your healthcare decisions while in Portugal. This includes researching private healthcare options, seeking out doctors who speak your language, and getting familiar with emergency procedures. Portugal is renowned for its high-quality healthcare system, and with the right information and preparation, you can ensure top-notch care during your stay in this beautiful country. Hopefully, this guide has been a valuable resource for you.



If you need any assistance with the healthcare system in Portugal, feel free to contact us. With our knowledge and expertise, we are here to guide you and offer our support in this beautiful country.